Hammer and rotor structure for disintegrators



1949. c. w. LANTER 2,477,628

HAMMER AND ROTOR STRUCTURE FOR DISINTEGRATORS Filed Jan. 17, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheei 1 C. W. LANTER HAMMER AND RoToR STRUCTURE FOR DISINTEGRATORS Filed Jan. 17, 1944 Aug. 2, 1949.

2 Shets-Sheet 2 IIIIJGFI'IIIIEIIZIF Patented Aug. 2, 1 .949

HAMMER AND ROTOR STRUCTURE FOR DIS-INTEGRATORS Clarence W'. Lanter; Du Page County, 111., as

signor to Birtman Electric Company," a cor-" poi-cation of Illinois Application January 17, 1944, Serial No. 518,490

4 Claims." (01. 241 -"191Y I 1 This invention relates to a tlis'integ'r'ator and particularly a hammer and rotor structure there for.

Attention is direotedto my co pending'applh cation Serial No. 518,491, filed January 17, 1944,

now abandoned, and my'U. S. Patent 2,435,226

dated February 3, 1948.

The present hamniersare' intended"primarily for use in disintegrators of the type described but are also useful in any form of hammer mill.

The invention is'illustr'ated in the drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side'sectional elevation partly broken away of the disintegrating portion of a hammer mill; FigureZ is a sectional elevation taken along the line 2--2 in Figure 1; FigureB is a sectional plan view taken alongthe line 3--3 in- Figure -1; Figure 4 is a View of the end of one hammer blade in'rno dified mount-'- ing; and 'Figure '5 is "a -view illustrating 'the' method-of manufacture ofthe hammer blade;

The entire disintegrator isnot illustrated in this case.

illustrated in Figure '1 in which 10 indicates a mounted within the housing in the grooves l3;

may be opened.

Disintegration is accomplished by rotation of the hexagonal shaft it which carries upon it a plurality of -hammer -blades- Hi These"bla'des are of sheet metal and are relatively thin compared with blades of equal size and capacity because of the method of construction hereinafter described. It is well known that the centrifugal force generated in a hammer mill is extremely great and, as a result, it has been customary heretofore to reinforce the hammer at its center, generally by making the hammer blade of extreme thickness. Obviously the thicker the blade is made, the more centrifugal force is generated and, while blades can be thinned at the edges, hammer mills heretofore manufactured have had extremely ponderous and heavy blades. In the present case I have been able to reduce greatly the weight of the mill by making more appropriate use of the metal and distributing it better. This is accomplished by retention of substantially all metal removed from the hammer blade in the formation of the bearing opening. As shown in Figure 5 the blade I1 is doubleended so as to balance it, and is provided with a central bearing opening 18 which is formed A suitable disintegrator chamber is 2 by extrusion of the metal formerly occupying the space into thefia'nge 19', shown in Figure 2.

The flange It serves to strengthen the blade against lateral displacement or materially to its weight or to its cost, and 'it does this by providin metal at a point where thdcentrifu'gal force is at a minimum. Fur thermore the flange serves as a spacing member for the twoint'erior'blades' 2i and 22' and, in"

fact, for all 'of the'blades except the two outer ones.

A similar process is followed in formingthe openings 25, 26 and Zlwhich provide'respectively for the pins or'bolts 28 and 29 and the rivet 3B. These openings result in the flanges 31; 32 and 33 respectively, which likewise serve tostrengthen the'buter portions of the blades against lateral displacement.

It will be observed that a total of eight doubleended bladesareemployed in the device shown, fourof these being'mounted in one plane and the other four in a plane at right angles thereto. In each planeth'e blades are spaced upon the" shaft I6; those in one position preferably beingin I, 4, 5 and 8 numerical positions, and in theother set occupyingZ, 3, 6 and l positions, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

Each-blade carries at each end a hammer 35 which is likewise double-ended. These hammers consist'of a webportion 36 and hammers 3Tand Each hammer is provided with a plurality 38. of ofiset hammer faces 39. These oifset faces provide a plurality of sharp corners it which are advantageous in proper disintegration of material to be ground. Hammers 3'? and 33 and the web portion 36 are integral and are made of sheet metal which is bent into the proper shape.

The hammers are mounted upon the hammer blades by means of pins 28 and 29 which extend through appropriate openings in the hammer. The pin 28 is preferably at the center of the hammer, although for some purposes it may be slightly offset therefrom for reasons which will appear later. The pin 29 is very close to the inside face 38 of the hammer, and, when both pins are in position, the hammer is locked in place. In some cases certain operators believe it advisable that the hammer should be free and, therefore, the pins 28 are removable and the hammer may be mounted only on the pin 29 where desired. When the pin 28 has been removed, the outer hammer face 31 of each ham mer is free to move upon hitting an obstruction,

deformation and against'centrifugal forces, without adding and is ordinarily held by centrifugal force at its most extended position.

A third opening 4| is provided in each hammer so that by removal of a pin 29 the blade may be reversed in position. Since the hammer faces are not bisymmetrical, it is generally preferred not only to reverse the position of the hammer faces 37 and 38 but to reverse the hammer on its lateral axis, for example, from a position on the left-hand of the chamber to one on the righthand of the chamber so that the faces 39 will be in the appropriate direction.

The pins 28 are secured by nuts 42 and may be provided with spacing collars 43 or other appropriate spacing means. These collars bear upon the flanges 3i and serve to stiffen the structure against lateral displacement. Similar collars 44 may be employed on the pins 29.

The internal pair of blades 2| and 22 are shown as held together by rivet 30 and separated by collars 55. This likewise strengthens the blade structure against lateral displacement.

It will be observed that when the hammers are reversed upon the pins 28 the hammer which was formerly on the inside occupies exactly the same position as the hammer which formerly was on the outside. In some cases it, may be desirable that the position of the hammer with respect to the screen be slightly altered so that the hammers are either closer to or farther away from the screen. Where this is likely to occur, it may readily be accomplished by having the openings for the pins 28 slightly off of center, in which case one set of hammers will be farther from the screen than the other when in operative position.

It will be observed that no set of hammers in the present construction occupies the entire cross-sectional area of the disintegrator chamber, but that consecutive sets are staggered so that the entire plane occupied by the operative hammer faces is covered in one-half rotation of the disintegrator. In some cases it may be desirable to adopt other staggering systems or to apply hammers which do cover the entire operative disintegrating area or plane in each set.

The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a disintegrator including an elongated rotor blade, a hammer carried by the blade at substantially the outer end thereof, said hammer having a head arranged at substantially right angles to the blade and lying substantially parallel to the path of rotation of the outer extremity of the blade, said head being located beyond said outer extremity and with said head having sharp edges in the direction of rotation formed by stepwise cut out portions along the leading edge of the head.

2. The structure of claim 1 wherein said hammer is made of sheet metal and comprises a pair of said heads, one outer and one inner, connected by a web with the web being attachable to the blade and the outer head only being beyond said outer extremity of the blade.

3. The structure of claim 1 wherein the head has said out out portions on both the leadin and following edges of the head.

4. The structure of claim 1 wherein said hammer is made of sheet metal and comprises a pair of said heads, one outer and one inner connected by a web with the web being attachable to the blade and the outer head only being beyond said outer extremity of the blade, said heads having the cut out portions on both the leading and following edges of both heads.

CLARENCE W. LANTER.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,282,239 Knittel Oct. 22, 1918 1,413,652 Campbell Apr. 25, 1922 1,591,560 Prater July 6, 1926. 1,622,849 Ruprecht Mar. 29, 1927 1,651,319 Bowman Nov. 29, 1927 1,785,435 Bullock Dec. 16, 1930 1,828,490 Clement Oct. 20, 1931 1,909,623 McDowell May 16, 1933 1,934,180 Fischer et a1 Nov. 7, 1933 2,068,383 Lindgren J an. 19, 1937 2,119,900 Bate June 7, 1938 2,291,815 Korum Aug. 4, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 771,324 France July 23, 1934 

